Challenging Words In The Article The Hindu | 27 September  2018

All vocabulary: https://padhobeta.com/blog/category/the-hindu-word-meaning/

1. Word: Incumbent (अधिकारी/ अवलंबी)

Pronunciation: in-kuhm-buh nt/इन्कम्बन्ट
Part of Speech: Adjective/Noun
Meaning:
a. necessary for (someone) as a duty or responsibility. [Adjective]

b. the holder of an office or post. [Noun]

Synonyms: Necessary, Compulsory, Obligatory, Officeholder, Official
Antonyms: Unnecessary, optional, candidate, layman
Use in a Sentence: The incumbent manager is not happy about having to train a fresher who is taking his job

2. Word: Usher (उपशिक्षक)

Pronunciation: uhsh-er/अशर
Part of Speech: Verb
Meaning:
a. show or guide (someone) somewhere.

b. cause or mark the start of something new.

Synonyms: conduct, lead
Antonyms: cease, finish
Use in a Sentence: The usher seated us in the front row.

3. Word: Coup (आघात)

Part of Speech: Noun
Pronunciation: koo/कू
Meaning:
a. a sudden, violent, and illegal seizure of power from a government.

b. an instance of successfully achieving something difficult.

Synonyms: takeover, overthrow
Antonyms: failure, defeat
Use in a Sentence: There have been seven coup attempts against the beleaguered government.

4. Word: Clamp Down (कठोर नीति)

Pronunciation: klamp doun/क्लैम्प्डाउन
Part of Speech: Phrasal Verb of Clamp
Meaning:
a. suppress or prevent something in an oppressive or harsh manner.

Synonyms: suppress, prevent
Antonyms: bring up, extract
Use in a Sentence: The situation could worsen this year as the government continues to clamp down on credit.

5. Word: Indebted (अनुगृहीत)

Pronunciation: in-det-id/इन्डेटिड
Part of Speech: Adjective
Meaning:
a. owing money.

b. owing gratitude for a service or favour.

Synonyms: beholden, grateful
Antonyms: unappreciative, opulent
Use in a Sentence: I am greatly indebted to you for your help.

6. Word: Partisan (कट्टर)

Pronunciation: pahr-tuh-zuhn/पार्टिज़न
Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Meaning:
a. a strong supporter of a party, cause, or person. [Noun]

b. prejudiced in favour of a particular cause. [Adjective]

Synonyms: supporter, biased
Antonyms: opponent, unbiased
Use in a Sentence: You must listen to both points of view and try not to be partisan.

7. Word: Interim (मध्यकाल/अंतरिम)

Pronunciation: in-ter-uh m/इन्ट्रम
Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Meaning:
a. in or for the intervening period; provisional. [Adjective]

b. the intervening time. [Noun]

Synonyms: meanwhile, cessation
Antonyms: perpetual, everlasting
Use in a Sentence: During the interim period, air quality has deteriorated.

8. Word: Vow (प्रतिज्ञा करना)

Pronunciation: vou/वाउ
Part of Speech: Noun, Verb
Meaning:
a. a solemn promise. [Noun]

b. solemnly promise to do a specified thing. [Verb]

c. dedicate to someone or something, especially a deity. [Verb]

Synonyms: oath, pledge, promise
Antonyms: recede, abjure
Use in a Sentence: The man has broken his vow of silence on the issue.

9. Word: Cynicism (निराशावाद)

Pronunciation: sin-uh-siz-uh m/सिनिसिज़म
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning:
a. an inclination to believe that people are motivated purely by self-interest; scepticism.

Synonyms: suspicion, disbelief
Antonyms: delight, optimism
Use in a Sentence: He was dismayed at the cynicism of the youngsters.

10. Word: Belie (मिथ्या सिद्ध करना)

Pronunciation: bih-lahy/बिलाइ
Part of Speech: Verb
Meaning:
a. (of an appearance) fail to give a true impression of (something).

b. fail to fulfill or justify (a claim or expectation).

Synonyms: misrepresent, contradict
Antonyms: prove, reveal
Use in Sentence: The facts of the situation belie his testimony.

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