Challenging Words In The Article The Hindu | 18 March 2018
1) Exude (verb) (टपकाना, दिखाना ): ex-ud
Meaning – (of a person) to display (an emotion or quality) strongly and openly./(with reference to moisture or a smell) discharge or be discharged slowly and steadily.
Synonyms- emanate, emanate, radiate, ooze, discharge
Antonyms- absorb, take up
Example – After accomplishing so much, he was able to exude an extreme confidence.
2) Shattering (adjective) (चूर-चूर होना, विक्षुब्ध कर देने वाला ): shater-ing
Meaning – very shocking or upsetting.
Synonyms- devastate, shock, stun, daze, dumbfound, traumatize
Antonyms- please, excite
Example – The news of Sridevi’s death came as a shattering blow.
3) Acclaim (noun) (वाहवाही होना ): acc-lame
Meaning – public praise and applause
Synonyms- praise, applause, admiration.
Antonyms- criticize, denounce, condemn, arraign, attack, lambaste
Example – Since her last movie, the amazing actress has won national acclaim and several Hollywood roles.
4) Invoke (verb) (आह्वान): in-voke
Meaning – to request aid, usually from a deity
Synonyms- cite, refer to, adduce.
Antonyms- relinquish, renounce, give up, abandon, reject, surrender, yield
Example – The celebrity will invoke assistance from the police to keep stalkers away from his property.
5) Endeavor (verb)(प्रयास): en-deav-our
Meaning – try hard to do or achieve something
Synonyms- attempt, try, effort.
Antonyms- idleness, inactivity, passivity
Example – They endeavored to create a government that truly serves its people.
6) Ivory tower (noun)(पृथक्करण की स्थिति ): e-vory-tou-er
Meaning – a state of privileged seclusion or separation from the facts and practicalities of the real world.
Synonyms- solitude, isolation, theoretical
Example – It’s all very well as a large company sitting in your ivory tower but if you have two months with no sales you are in trouble.
Idioms/Phrases/Phrasal Verbs in the article
7) Hold back (phrasal verb) (रोकना):
Meaning – to stop someone or something from moving forwards
Synonyms- hinder, obstruct, inhibit.
Antonyms- assist, encourage, promote
Example – Long-term water shortages can hold economic development back.
8) Come up with (phrasal verb) (प्रस्तुत करना):
Meaning – to think of something such as an idea or a plan
Synonyms- propose, suggest, present.
Example – Several of the members have come up with suggestions of their own.
9) Let alone (phrase) (उल्लेख नहीं करना):
Meaning –used to indicate that something is far less likely or suitable than something else already mentioned/ not to mention or think of someone or something; not even to take someone or something into account.
Synonyms-not to mention
Example – I didn’t invite John, let alone the rest of his family.
10) Grapple with (phrasal verb) (निपटना):
Meaning – to try hard to understand a difficult idea or to solve a difficult problem
Synonyms- challenge, confront, deal with, endure
Antonyms- aid, assist, avoid, neglect
Example – The government continued to grapple with the issue of public transport.
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