Challenging Words in the Article of The Hindu
1)Allure( आकर्षित करना,फुसलाना, बहलाना ): uh-loor
Meaning – the quality of being powerfully and mysteriously attractive or fascinating (Noun) /powerfully attract or charm (Verb)
Synonyms – attract, lure, entice, tempt,captivate
Antonyms – revolt, disgust, repulse, sicken, repulse
Example – Because I love the allure of the ocean waters, I enjoy spending time at the beach.
2)Patronage (noun) (संरक्षण,सहायता): patro-naj
Meaning – support or sponsorship/ support given by a patron/the power to control appointments to office or the right to privileges.
Synonyms – sponsorship, backing, funding, financing, philanthropy, promotion
Antonyms – blockage, hindrance,discouragement,disapproval
Example – Since patronage of the food kitchen has decreased, we have had to reduce the number of meals we serve the homeless each day.
3)Spur(verb) (प्रेरणा): es-pur
Meaning – to motivate an individual or group into action/a thing that prompts or encourages someone; an incentive.
Synonyms – stimulus, incentive, encouragement, stimulant
Antonyms – disincentive, discouragement
Example -When the recruiter spoke to the students, he hoped his talk would spur some of the young people into entering the military.
4)Crackdown (noun) (कार्रवाई): krack-daun
Meaning – a series of severe measures to restrict undesirable or illegal people or behaviour.
Synonyms – clampdown, getting tough, repression, suppression, abolition, elimination, eradication, end
Antonyms – abet, aid, assist, back, help, prop up, support
Example – The police began a crackdown on illegal parking.
5)Derivative (noun) (यौगिक): deri-vay-tive
Meaning – an object or idea that is produced from something else
Synonyms – secondary, secondhand,unoriginal,consequent, resultant
Antonyms – fundamental, nonderivative, first, primary,basic
Example – Shahid and Mira named their child Misha as it is a derivative of both of the names.
6)Bourses (noun) (शेयर बाजार): burse
Meaning – a stock market in a non-English-speaking country, especially France/the Paris stock exchange.
Example – The top 40 companies on the Paris bourse have been pulling in record profits.
7)Offshore(adjective) (समुद्र में तट से दूर): off-sore
Meaning – located some distance from the shore/made, situated, or registered abroad,
Synonyms – seaward, asea
Antonyms – onshore
Example – Rich people often use offshore banks in an effort to avoid paying taxes.
Phrases/Phrasal Verbs in the Article –
8)Knee-Jerk Response (idiom/adjective) (कारण या तथ्यों की जांच के बिना तत्काल प्रतिक्रिया): nee-jurk-res-ponse
Meaning -automatic and unthinking reaction/ an immediate reaction made without examining cause or facts.
Synonyms -immediate,spontaneous,instinctive, instinctual
Antonyms – calculated, conscious, aforethought, careful, forethoughtful, measured, reasoned, thoughtful
Example – In a knee-jerk reaction after the big defeat, the coach dropped many of the players and fielded a new look team for the next match.
9)Take-off (adjective) (उड़ना,सफल हो जाना): take-off
Meaning – (of an enterprise or a plan) become successful or popular.
Synonyms – succeed, catch on, progress, prosper, flourish, thrive, boom, turn out well, work (out)
Antonyms – fail, flop
Example -The newly launched electronic newspaper has really taken off.
10)Rein-in (phrasal verb) (रोकना): rein-in
Meaning – to limit or control (someone or something)
Synonyms -control, curb, halt, prevent
Antonyms -allow, assist, continue